Tuesday, December 31, 2019

Biography of Senator Elizabeth Warren, Senator and Scholar

Senator Elizabeth Warren (born Elizabeth Ann Herring on June 22, 1949) is an American politician, scholar, and professor. Since 2013, she has represented the state of Massachusetts in the United States Senate, affiliated with the Democratic Party. In 2019, she became a candidate for President of the United States. Fast Facts: Senator Elizabeth Warren Known For: A prominent Democratic politician of the late 2010s, Warren had a previous career as one of the top legal scholars in the country.Occupation: United States Senator from Massachusetts; previously a professor of lawBorn: June 22, 1949 in Oklahoma City, OklahomaSpouse(s): Jim Warren (m. 1968-1978), Bruce H. Mann (m. 1980).Children: Amelia Warren Tyagi (b. 1971), Alexander Warren (b. 1976) Early Life and Education Elizabeth Warren (nà ©e Elizabeth Ann Herring) was born in Oklahoma City, the fourth child and first daughter of Donald and Pauline Herring. Their family was lower-middle class and often struggled to make ends meet. Things worsened when Warren was twelve and her father, a salesman, had a heart attack, leaving him unable to do his job. Warren started her first job—waitressing—at age thirteen in order to help make ends meet. In high school, Warren was a star of the debate team. She won Oklahoma’s state high school debating championship when she was sixteen and earned a debate scholarship to attend George Washington University. At the time, she intended to study to become a teacher. However, after two years of studies, she dropped out to marry Jim Warren, whom she had known since high school. The couple married in 1968, when Warren was nineteen. Law School and Teaching Career When Warren and her husband moved to Texas for his job with IBM, she enrolled at the University of Texas, where she studied speech pathology and audiology. However, they moved to New Jersey soon after on another of Jim Warren’s job transfers, and when she became pregnant, she chose to stay at home with their daughter Amelia. In 1973, Warren enrolled in Rutgers Law School. She graduated in 1976 and passed the bar exam; that same year, the Warrens’ son Alexander was born. Two years later, in 1978, Warren and her husband divorced. She chose to keep his last name, even after she remarried in 1980 to Bruce Mann. For the first year or so of her career, Warren did not actively practice law in a law firm, instead teaching children with disabilities in a public school. She also worked from home doing minor legal work such as wills and real estate filings. Warren returned to her alma mater in 1977 as a lecturer at Rutgers. She remained there for one academic year, then moved back to Texas to take a job at the University of Houston Law Center, where she worked from 1978 to 1983 as the associate dean for academic affairs. In 1981, she spent some time as a visiting associate professor at the University of Texas Law School; she returned from 1983 to 1987 as a full professor. Legal Scholar From the beginning of her career, Warren often focused her work and research on how real people interact with the law in their daily lives, with a particular emphasis on bankruptcy law. Her research made her a respected rising star in her field, and she continued her work throughout the 1980s and 1990s. In 1987, Warren joined the University of Pennsylvania Law School as a full professor in 1987 and in 1990, she became the William A. Schnader Professor of Commercial Law. She taught for a year at Harvard Law School in 1992 as Robert Braucher Visiting Professor of Commercial Law. Three years later, Warren returned to Harvard full-time, joining the faculty full-time as the Leo Gottlieb Professor of Law. Warren’s position made her the first tenured Harvard law professor who had gotten a law degree from an American public university. Over time, she became one of the most prominent legal scholars in bankruptcy and commercial law, with a large number of publications to her name. It was in that capacity that she was asked, in 1995, to advise the National Bankruptcy Review Commission. At the time, her recommendations failed to convince Congress, and her advocacy failed, but her work helped lead to the establishment of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, which was signed into law in 2010. Political Career Although Warren was a registered Republican until the 1990s, she shifted to the Democratic Party during that decade. It wasn’t until 2011, however, that she began her political career in earnest. That year, she announced her candidacy for the 2012 Senate election in Massachusetts, running as a Democrat to unseat Republican incumbent Scott Brown. Her breakout moment came with a September 2011 speech that went viral, in which she argued against the idea that taxing the wealthy is class warfare. In her response, she argued that no one becomes rich without leaning on the rest of society, from workers to infrastructure to education and more, and that the social contract of a civilized society means that those who have benefited from the system invest in it again to help the next people who want to do the same. Warren won the election with nearly 54 percent of the vote and quickly became a star in the Democratic Party. Her committee assignment was the Senate Banking Committee, given her extensive experience in economics. Soon, she gained a reputation for her unforgiving questioning of big banking executives and regulators. Senator Elizabeth Warren also introduced a bill that would allow students to borrow from the government at the same rate as banks. In 2015, she co-sponsored legislation along with Republican and independent senators that was built on the Banking Act of 1933 and intended to reduce the likelihood of future financial crises. Leading Opposition and Running for President Following the 2016 election of Republican Donald Trump to the presidency, Warren became an outspoken critic of his administration. A defining moment occurred during the confirmation hearing for Jeff Sessions, a Republican senator nominated for attorney general. Warren attempted to read a letter aloud that Coretta Scott King had written years earlier, arguing that Sessions used his powers to suppress black voters. Warren was stopped and censured by the Republican majority; she read the letter aloud on an Internet livestream instead. In his censure, Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell said, â€Å"[Warren] was warned. She was given an explanation. Nevertheless, she persisted.† The statement entered the pop culture lexicon and became a rallying cry for women’s movements. Senator Warren has opposed many of the Trump administration’s policies and has also spoken publicly about perceived conflicts of interest and misconduct by Trump himself. Warren has also been embroiled in her own headline-making scandal stemming from her claims to Native American heritage, which she repeated over the course of several years. When Warren took a DNA test that confirmed the presence of a Native ancestor, the controversy was compounded by tribal leaders’ criticism of using a DNA test results as a way of claiming Native American identity. Warren apologized for her handling of the controversy and clarified that she understands the difference between ancestry and actual tribal membership. In 2018, Warren won re-election by a landslide, taking 60% of the vote. Soon afterwards, news broke that she had formed an exploratory committee to run for president in 2020; she confirmed her candidacy in February 2019. Her platform is based on transparent policy proposals and a coalition of working class, union workers, women, and immigrants, and she positions herself as a direct contrast to the Trump-led Republican party of the current era. Sources â€Å"Elizabeth Warren Fast Facts.† CNN, 5 March 2019, https://www.cnn.com/2015/01/09/us/elizabeth-warren-fast-facts/index.htmlPacker, George. The Unwinding: An Inner History of the New America. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2013.Pierce, Charles P. â€Å"The Watchdog: Elizabeth Warren.† The Boston Globe, 20 December 2009, http://archive.boston.com/bostonglobe/magazine/articles/2009/12/20/elizabeth_warren_is_the_bostonian_of_the_year/

Monday, December 23, 2019

Advertisement in the Digital Age Essay - 1159 Words

Many of us go through our everyday life and we take our surroundings and the things we do for granted. Most would think that our routine life is just that a routine. Many do not know that the basic things we do are influenced by some form or another. From the time we wake up to the time we go to sleep, we are bombarded everyday by products that we perceived that we have chosen at our own accord but in reality was influenced through some form of persuasion by means of merchandising or advertisement. Over our lifetime merchandising and advertisements have evolved in to a self image influence in many ways. It’s hard to notice these evolvements since we have all subliminally ignored the fact that the world is evolving every day. We don’t†¦show more content†¦Researchers found that the more attentive viewers were, the less likely they were to skip to the next ad. More importantly, the studies showed definite patterns in the emotional elements that evoked the most attention. Experimental research looks at the emotional components that both attract and hold a viewer’s attention. Evoking surprise proved the most effective way of capturing attention, while evoking joy was best for retaining attention. Of course, capturing attention is only part of the advertising battle; converting attention to sales matters, too. Today, advertising has become easier to directly target and reach an audience, but more difficult to create a message that grabs the attention of this audience, because weve become somewhat desensitized to the usual advertising efforts. â€Å"Attention is the biggest bottleneck, and we need to get through it,† Teixeira says. â€Å"But after you’ve secured attention through good ads, the next questions are: How can I persuade? How can I communicate? How can I get people to change their evaluations of brands and products rather than simply be entertained for 30 seconds?† According to Harry Hollingworth, advertising has to accomplish four things: Attract a consumer’s attention, focus the attention onto the message, make the consumer remember the message, and cause the consumer to take the desired action. The true goal of advertisersShow MoreRelatedThe New Age Of Digital Marketing1606 Words   |  7 Pagesbox came into play. Companies would ask its local population what they could do better. As Marketing caught up with the age of the Internet. It created something now known as Digital Marketing. Without this new age of digital marketing, everyone worldwide would not know what most businesses had to offer to so many. Now every business has some ties to that ever spanning digital market as new countries are coming to live with the availability. Advanced Research Projects Agency originally founded theRead MoreThe World Moves Forward Into The Digital Age Essay1350 Words   |  6 PagesAs the world moves forward into the digital age, American institutions must adapt to serve the needs of a digital society. The Newspaper industry has not entered the digital age unscathed; several issues of the current business model must be addressing if Newspapers are to survive the century. Americans and especially the younger generations are more skeptical of the Mass Media and less likely to believe that they are non-biases and question more than ever of the legitimacy of the news stories putRead MoreRecent Changes in the Print Industry924 Words   |  4 Pagesco-existing with the Internet and digital technology industries, and the print industry has struggled and has been forced to adapt. Our society is moving faster and getting information faster due to the Internet and digital technology. The print industry cannot keep up with the digi tal age in regards to providing information. It’s that digital has surpassed print. It has many advantages and with technology constantly growing there will be more. Characteristics of digital include: ubiquity, speed, permanenceRead MoreThe Current Business Model For Printed Media Essay1549 Words   |  7 PagesThe introduction of new technology has ushered in the digital age allowing for uninhibited access to information; American institutions must adapt to serve the needs of a digital society. Like many other institutions, the Newspaper industry did not enter into the digital age unscathed. The current business model for printed media has several issues that must be addressed if Newspapers are to survive challenges of the coming century. The American public and the, especially the younger generationsRead MoreThe Creation of Digital Media for Adolescents Essay655 Words   |  3 PagesThe creation of digital media for adolescent children should take into consideration the importance of â€Å"the three C’s†: the child, the context of use, and the content. According to Lisa Guernsey, director of the New America Foundations Early Education Initiative, all three of these terms must be reflected in the purposeful choice, application, and development of digital media for children. One could consider that the foundation of children’s digital media content must account for the four stagesRead MoreTaking a Look at Expedia Inc.885 Words   |  4 Pagesposition in the market.( Shaw, 2012) The main purpose of the report is to develop such techniques and tools that can contribute to the growth of the sale of Expedia. To determine the techniques for the digital marketing and analyzing the marketing situations of Expedia, the need for a digital marketing plan is evident. There are various marketing plans that can be applied in Expedia and each has its own importance, but one of the best and effective plan that can be used is SOSTAC ( Bishop, 1998)Read MoreEssay on Why is Retouching Photographs Necessary?1063 Words   |  5 PagesCelebrities and models are retouched in various forms—photographs, online advertisements, magazines, and more. There are more forms of advertisements today than ever before. Technology is becoming more and more advanced. With more advanced technology come more consumers, ranging in all ages. Younger generations are becoming more acquainted with new gadgets today. They are likely to be exposed to retouched photographs from online advertise ments. Many models in these photographs are often retouched in such aRead MoreThe Digital Designing Of Advertising1454 Words   |  6 PagesThe Digital Designingâ„ ¢ Contest is the first-ever online based national level graphic designers’ competition with the slogan ‘Gear Up Designers’ in Bangladesh. The contest will be followed by an Exhibition and Awarding to promote the designers in the country. The competition would be comprised of creative designing in 5 graphic design disciplines viz Logo creation, Business Card design, Social Media stuff design, Typography and Digital Art. The contest is planned to be held in 3 phases which wouldRead MorePrint Media And Digital Media1740 Words   |  7 PagesThe print and the digital media have been in the forefront in acting as the social mirror reflecting on what goes on in the society. Thus when it is said that the print media is dead it becomes quite disturbing because traditionally it is known as the only tool th at people have come to trust to deliver information in a holistic manner. Well, in the advertising world, it is assumed that the more the products are displayed in pages of magazines and newspapers; they are bound to be sold more becauseRead MorePrint Is Not So Fast1573 Words   |  7 Pagesprint that it has been for centuries to the World Wide Web and other digital formats. Once print media is transferred to a digital format it is more easily distributed and is typically more cost effective than when it had to be printed. However, completely transferring all advertisement from print media to a digital format may not always be prudent. There are still many aspects of the physical print media that are better than digital. Print media is more tangible and can be easily directed towards target

Sunday, December 15, 2019

Tradgedy After Winning the Lottery Free Essays

Annotated Bibliography Topic: Tragedy after Winning the Lottery Emory McClard Nissle, Sonja, and Tom Bschor. â€Å"Winning The Jackpot And Depression: Money Cannot Buy Happiness. † International Journal Of Psychiatry In Clinical Practice 6. We will write a custom essay sample on Tradgedy After Winning the Lottery or any similar topic only for you Order Now 3 (2002): 183-186. Academic Search Premier. Web. 27 Jan. 2012. In the article, Bschor and Nissle claim that desirable or positive life events might influence the course of a psychiatric illness, just as the negative do. The authors discuss how winning the lottery developed the depression of two patients, how hitting the jackpot made them consider suicide, and how receiving over one million dollars has only affected their life negatively. Bschor and Nissle go into a discussion involving ideas about how a positive desired event has hidden risks behind the newly won possibilities, which caused the outbreak in these two cases. Both cases recorded marriage problems, family conflicts, and financial difficulties. Suicidal thoughts were present because both patients felt a sense of guilt and inferiority. Bschor and Nissle are organized, knowledgeable, and very clear about their key points. Annin, Peter. â€Å"Big Money, Big Trouble. † Newsweek 133. 16 (1999): 59. Academic Search Premier. Web. 27 Jan. 2012. In this article, Annin states that â€Å"big money brings big problems. † He discusses multiple negative outcomes from a particular case in 1998 such as friends no longer speaking to the jackpot winner, the new found millionaire being banned from particular areas, and former friends filing for law suits against him. Annin discussed further about how the lottery winner has gone into hiding by removing his telephone number from the phone book, buying a shredder for unwanted mail, and doing his from inside his home. Annin is clear about his points, but not very descriptive. The author clearly stated his points, yet wasn’t as detailed about the winner’s story. Ellen Tumposky, et al. â€Å"The High Cost Of Winning. † People 61. 10 (2004): 150-154. Academic Search Premier. Web. 27 Jan. 2012. In â€Å"The High Cost of Winning,† Tumposky’s claim is how millions of Americans wish to win millions of dollars in a jackpot, but there are plenty of cases of the lottery winners have unfortunate cases. She discusses how this sudden burst of money can lead to ironic bankruptcy, nasty divorces, broken families, and even hiring hit men. One case describes how a 36 year old man’s lottery money was stolen, forcing him to file for bankruptcy. Another story talked about how her long term boyfriend took advantage of her. One man was drugged, robbed, and arrested. One man was divorced and eventually committed suicide. Another married man sued his wife for not telling him about the win, she was stripped of her entire winnings. The final tale is of a family issue that resulted in the winner’s brother hiring a hit man. Tumposky’s article is interesting yet also very informational. Her summaries of the events told the story, yet cut out all of the unimportant details. Douglas, Geoffrey. â€Å"Fortune’s Fool. † Yankee 62. 12 (1998): 76. Academic Search Premier. Web. 27 Jan. 2012. In the article, Douglas tells the reader even the luckiest people can lose it all in the blink of an eye. He discusses the points of error in which this lotto winner was a victim. Things like his sexuality, alcoholism, relationships, and risk-taking personality got him into trouble after he won 5. 86 million dollars. As a boy, Mike Allen was very different. Even his (so-called) friends would tease him. When he won the lottery he began to give and give and give to everyone who asked. His husband ended up filing for divorce and suing him. His money was flashing before his eyes. He ended up in a $30 motel room, dead. All he was left with was a sweatshirt over his beaten face. They took jewelry, a wallet, a car, and his clothes. Douglas’s story was entertaining, but he wasn’t clear about his thesis and main points. Helyar, John. â€Å"Cold Cash. † Money 28. 4 (1999): 144. Academic Search Premier. Web. 27 Jan. 2012. In this story, Helyar’s point is that life after the lottery can be miserable. Helyar tells a story of a two people who tried to win the lottery. He discusses further about their past together, the fortune events, the sad events, and the miserable times that came after winning the lottery. Helyar is a good author and is very descriptive, yet he is extremely verbose. John did tell the entire story, yet he failed to take out the less important events. How to cite Tradgedy After Winning the Lottery, Essay examples

Saturday, December 7, 2019

Competitiveness and Globalization Management †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Competitiveness and Globalization Management. Answer: Introduction: There are different types of innovations that can be considered in focal innovation. However, it is very important to have a clear and definite understanding of innovation. In this context, the process of innovation can be compared with invention. Nevertheless, the process of innovation is more complex than invention (Awuor 2016). Typically, innovation can be defined as a process of making changes in different capacities so as to influence creation of new items that may in this case include products, processes, services and more commodities in different areas of specialization. These new items have capacity to bring positive impacts to the organization since their existence have a positive value addition to the firms and other organizations. Focal innovation in product innovation, process innovation, marketing innovation and organizational innovation can be analyzed critically to determine their value additions. This refers to innovation model whose venture involve creation of new products in an organizational setup so as to bring value addition from sale of these products. Again, product innovation is based on creation of new goods and services for market venture. In that case, some innovators may decide to improve specification of existing goods and services via technical aspects, components along with material specifications (Awuor 2016). It can also involve creation of new products that can be used in production process of other items. In return, the organization will be able to run smoothly as a result of product innovation. In that case, the organization will be able to increase revenue, to reduce costs of production along with other advantages that arise from product innovation. In product innovation, the party taking part in this case will bring the product under consideration to the market so that the consumers can assess their credibility. If the new product is feasible to the cons umers, then more resources can be committed in bringing more attractive changes in that particular product. In that connection, the innovator need to apply certain strategies and phases in product innovation as indicated in the diagram below. In most cases, product innovation integrate with process innovation. This is another important aspect of focal innovation. This involves creation of new production processes as well as improvement of existing production process so as to for consumers lists of preferences. This innovation will focus on creation of new processes in production in terms of software development and material or equipment innovation or improvement (Awuor 2016). It also involve significant changes in production techniques used in production process. Just like in product innovation, there is perfect positive correlation between the two types of innovations as indicated in the diagram below. Typically, marketing innovation revolves what goes around the marketplace in terms of market creation and improvement. There are different types of markets that include perfect market, monopoly market, and duopoly market together with oligopoly market structures (Awuor 2016). This innovation involve improvement in product designs, product placement, product promotion as well as pricing process. This innovation is very crucial in any organization. This innovation involves initiation of new methods in an organization, initiation of new business practices, initiation and improvement in workplace organization culture, promotion of internal and external relations. The concept of focal innovation in terms of technology and market van be determined from the diagram below. In this diagram, the technology push follow a specific path. Starting from research and development to manufacturing. Then from manufacturing to marketing. Finally, the users will obtain items from that market. On the other hand, the same technology push can be demonstrated in terms of market pull (Bolstorff 2011). Market pull begin from marketing to research and development. Then to manufacturing where the path end at the user. The two models accomplish similar purpose. In that case, focal innovation may be primarily subjected to technology push or demand pull. Another aspect that can be based to focal innovation is market pull. I tend to agree that market structure play a very important role when it comes to innovation. This is because the main objective of these types of innovation is to reach the market in quality nature (Bragg 2015). These innovations are market oriented hence are primarily triggered by market pull. In summary, focal innovation will there be incorporated in both technology push and market pull. However, market pull will dominate over technology push because technology is subjected to rapid and random changes. Market structure take a lot of time to change hence offering ample time for focal innovation. The focal innovation is primarily based on business model innovation rather than technological innovation. It is good to note that business model innovation is dominant to technological innovation since these innovation are based on profit orientation (Cachon 2012). The fact that many innovators aim at creating new products and improvement of other products and services, the main objective is to improve business performance. In that case, the organization will generate more profits and interests out of focal innovation. Technological innovation is just a formality of time factor. Technological innovation take place by default. In that case, many innovators will prefer business model innovation to technological innovation. My focal innovation is an open innovation. This is because, closed innovation implies that, the innovators have no chances to make future improvement to these innovations. The purpose of these innovations is to accommodate changes once a gap arise in the organization. In that case, open innovation will accommodate changes in the future so as to make the innovations more credible. For instance, product innovation is open to improvement since a lot of changes occur with time (Chopra 2012). With time, consumers and customers lose tastes in certain product as services. This implies that, a closed innovation will not facilitate fulfilment of their lists of preferences in the market. For open innovation, the innovator just need to identify areas to make changes. Therefore, changes made to goods and services in product innovation will avoid losses to the organization under consideration. In summary, we opt to select open innovation and discard closed innovation. The supply side of a given sector will be of great importance if we consider each innovation differently. To start with, product innovation is highly associated to supply side. The management of product innovation towards supply has a lot of influence to the pace of diffusion. This is because there are several factors in the products and services that will directly and indirectly influence supply (Daft 2015). First, if the goods and services invented are of good quality, supply is likely to increase. However, increase in prices of those goods and services will increase supply higher. For the case of process innovation, the production process can be done in a way to favor the supply. The reverse is also true. The considerable control for supply side in terms of pace of diffusion will be influenced by factors such as relationship management, experimentation, complexity, compatibility and degree of improvement. This is also important to these types of innovations. The management of product innovation will improve the quality of goods and services. The impact of this innovation to demand is perfect. If products are improved in quality, the demand will increase. A lot of people will be willing to consume the products and services. In addition, process innovation will influence the pace of diffusion towards the demand side. Changing the production process will improve the management of focal innovation thus improving the demand. Marketing innovation will involve the product design, promotion of products and pricing. Changing product design will attract new consumers hence favoring the demand side (Prasch 2008). Pricing can influence the management of focal innovation in two ways. Increasing prices of products and services will make consumers to strain. This will reduce the demand. The reverse is also true. The considerable control of demand side in terms of pace in diffusion is influenced by f actors such as market awareness, customer propensity to adopt and network effects. This focal innovation will benefit from first-mover advantages rather than late mover advantages. This is because, first-mover advantages involve organizational setup where the organization is more flexible than the competitors. The organization will be able to outdo the competitors. Focal innovation will assist the organization to achieve competitive advantage. In that case, product innovation, process innovation, marketing innovation and organizational innovation will collective assist the organization. Again, it will be able to products, services and processes to reach the market first than in late-mover advantage. These types of advantages that come along with first-mover advantages include buyer switching costs, reputation, pre-emption of scarce resources, scale benefits along with experience curve benefits. These advantages are likely to be durable because focal innovation is also evolving. None of the innovations miss out future implications (Fletcher 2012). Therefore, in the process of future focal innovations, the first-mover advantages tend to carry forward towards the future. Again, new markets are initiated day in day out. Thus, there will be initiation of products, services and process every time a new market is venture along with first-mover advantages. The aspect of imitation is minimal due to aspects used to protect innovators. There has been initiation of protection policies and procedures to protect innovations and their innovations (Hughes 2008). There has been many polies for IP protection (Christopher 2011). These policies include copyrights, patents, trademarks, industrial designs, domains names, geographical indications and protection of new variety of plants. There are also legal status used to protect innovators ideologies. In that case, these innovations have low possibility of imitation. There are very few necessary complementary assets from focal innovation to the same protection policies and procedures subjects to the case of imitation. The assets that fall under that category of complementary assets need to satisfy the legal framework that the correlation between assets in focal innovation and complementary assets is minimal (Hitt 2014). If complementary assets are increased, then chances of imitation may arise. In that case, our focal innovation need to maintain the number of complementary assets as low as possible. The policies and procedures needed to control the complementary are based on policies such as copyrights, patents, trademarks, industrial designs, domains names, geographical indications and protection of new variety of plants (Lesserre 2012). There are also legal status used to protect innovators ideologies. In that case, these innovations have low possibility of imitation as a result of allowing more complementary assets. It is important to note that focal innovation can be protected by patent as a form of policy and procedures of protection of original work. A patent is policy used to prevent other parties from using another person work, from making another person work, selling or trading inventions and innovations completed by another person (Peng 2013). In that case, patent become an agreement between the public and the inventor. The inventors property is protected legally by low for a given time period. After about 20 years of legal protection, the law open the property as a public property. At that time the public is allowed to use the property without legal implications. Apart from patent, there are other legal protections set aside to protect private work. These policies include copyrights, patents, trademarks, industrial designs, domains names, geographical indications and protection of new variety of plants (Ryan Deci 2017). There are also legal status used to protect innovators ideologies. These policies are very important as far as private work such as innovations and inventions are concerned. My focal innovation is not disruptive innovation at all. The aspect of focal innovation that take place in the initiation phases is a just a formality. However, in the process of making these innovations, there are a certain requirements that need to be considered. This include technological aspects such as those used to advance the products and services (Saloner 2009). There could be costs associated to protection policies in patents, copyright, trademarks, industrial designs, domains names, geographical indications and protection of new variety of plants. These requirements are very crucial to focal innovation. They cannot be termed as disruption since they are very vital in focal innovation. There is a correlation between internal value chain and external value chain. An external value chain is a sequence of internal value chain (Segal-Horn 2009). The diagram below indicate the external value chain that can be adopted in my focal innovation. The value preposition of this focal innovation will assist the customer segment so as to assist the customers in fulfilling the list of preference of customers to be considered in each innovation (Tallman 2009). The value addition indicted by each of innovation collectively assist the customers in all the services in terms of quantity, quality and time. The customer segment will continue to enjoy value addition from more development in focal innovation. There are a number of revenue models that can be integrated in focal innovation. In this case, the revenue models that fit focal innovation are diamond model, business model and technological model (Thomas 2009). In the diagram below, a summary of models are demonstrated. References. Awuor, P 2016, Theory of Change for Supply Chain Capacity Development: A Framework for Strengthening National Supply Chains: Volume 1 (PSA Supply Chain Capacity Development), CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. Bolstorff, P 2011, Supply Chain Excellence: A Handbook for Dramatic Improvement Using the SCOR Model, AMACOM. Bragg, SM 2015, Accounting for Inventory, Accounting Tools. Cachon, G 2012, Matching Supply with Demand: An Introduction to Operation Management, McGraw-Hill Education. Chopra, S 2012, Supply Chain Management, Pearson Education. Christopher, M 2011, Logistics and Supply Chain Management, FT Press. Daft, RL 2015, Management, South Western College Pub. Fletcher, F 2012, Business Problem Solving, Routledge. Hitt, MA 2014, Strategic Management: Concept, Competitiveness and Globalization, South-Western College Pub. Hughes, D 2008, The Ultimate Supply Teachers Handbook, Continuum International Publishing Group Ltd. Lesserre, P 2012, Global Strategic Management, Palgrave. Peng, MW 2013, Global Strategy, South-Western College Pub. Prasch, RE 2008, How Markets Work: Supply, Demand and the Real World, Edward Elgar Pub. Ryan, RM., Deci, EL 2017, Self-Determination Theory: Basic Psychological Need in Motivation, development and Wellness, The Guilford press. Saloner, G 2009, Strategic Management, Wiley Publisher. Segal-Horn, S 2009, understanding Global Strategy, Cengage Learning. Tallman, S 2009, Global Strategy, Wiley-Blackwell. Thomas, KW 2009, Intrinsic Motivation: What Really Drives Employees Engagement, Berret-Koehler publishers.